Pvt. Alexander Garden – [Plot C-85; Unreadable] ADOPTED
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Died 8/09/1909, aged 78.
6) Records of
Enlisted 12 July, 1861,
63) Courtesy Ms. Lisa Lockett
ALEXANDER GARDEN,
C-85,
US Civil War Soldiers Records and Profiles
Alexander Garden
Occupation: Farmer
Enlisted:
Served:
Survived the War: YES
Enlisted in
Mustered out
5’8”, blue eyes, dark hair, light complexion
The
US Civil War Soldiers
Alexander Garden
56th VA Inf, Co. G
Rank in/out: Private
M382 Roll 21
American Civil War Soldiers
Alexander Garden
Occupation: Farmer
Enlisted: 12 July 1861 in
Enlisted as a Private in
Received a disability discharge
5’8”, eyes blue, hair dark, complexion light
|
1850 |
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Thomas J. Garden |
54 |
Physician |
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44 |
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John B. Garden |
21 |
Physician |
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Thomas J Garden |
19 |
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Dandridge B. Garden |
17 |
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Alexander Garden |
15 |
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13 |
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Walter Garden |
8 |
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6 |
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Catherine Garden |
75 |
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1860 |
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58 |
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Dandridge B. Garden |
28 |
Surgeon/dentist |
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Alex Garden |
28 |
School master |
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Robina S. Garden |
16 |
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1870 |
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Garden, Robina |
69 |
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VA |
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Garden, Dandridge |
39 |
Dentist |
VA |
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37 |
Farmer |
VA |
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Garden, Robina |
26 |
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VA |
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Garden, Nannie |
25 |
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NC |
Brother Dandridge B. Garden also served in Co. K, 18th VA Inf. There are two other Gardens, Walter and Thomas James, who also served in Co. K., 18th VA Inf., possibly also brothers.
The (
ALEXANDER GARDEN
Mr. Alexander
Garden, a Confederate veteran, who died Sunday at the Confederate Soldiers’
Home, Pikesville, was buried in
63) Courtesy Ms. Lisa Lockett
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Buried 12/23/1864.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
H.W. Gardner – [Plot B-03; Fairly Readable]
Buried November 1864.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
Thomas J. Gardner – [Plot J-01; Unreadable] ADOPTED
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Died 1/08/1906, aged 82.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
Thomas Gardener (Confederate)
Biographical data and notes:
- Pre-enlistment occupation: Farmer
- Thomas Gardener died on Jan 8 1906
- He is buried at Loudoun Cemetery, Baltimore, MD
Enlistment:
- 39 years of age at time of enlistment
- Enlisted as Private
Mustering information:
- Enlisted into D Company, 35th Battn Cav (Virginia)
- Deserted from 35th
Battn Cav (Virginia) on Jan 25 1864
Listed as:
- Oath Allegiance (date not indicated)
Sources for the above information:
- The Virginia Regimental Histories Series, (1987)
69) http://alexanderstreet.com/resources/civilwar.access.htm
THOMAS J. GARDNER
The (
VETERAN DIED SUDDENLY
Thos. J. Gardner Expired Without Warning At Pikesville Home
Mr. Thomas J.
Gardner, a Confederate veteran, died at the home at
Mr. Gardner left
the home last August to visit relatives in
He was a member of
Company D, of the Thirty-fifth Virginia Cavalry. He enlisted in the spring of 1862 and was
discharged in the fall of 1864 on account of disability. He entered the home from
63) Courtesy Ms. Lisa Lockett
Pvt. William B. Garrett – [Plot B-23; Readable]
Garrett, William B., Private, DOW 10/15/1864 Baltimore, MD, Buried Confederate Hill.
28)
Courtesy Roxsanne Wells-
Buried 10/15/1864.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
Pvt. Joseph A. Ross Gatch – [Plot F-07; Unreadable] ADOPTED
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Died 3/28/1892, aged 63.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
The (
GATCH- On March 28, JOSEPH A. R. GATCH, in the 63d year of his age, son of Mary Ann and the late Richard Gatch.
63) Courtesy Ms. Lisa Lockett
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Michael Gavin – [Plot E-10; Unreadable] ADOPTED
Died 4/18/1889, aged 56.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
E.B. Gentree – [Plot A-03; Fairly Readable]
Buried 12/23/1864.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
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Albert J. Gentry – [Plot B-93; Unreadable] ADOPTED
Died 4/18/1907, aged 72.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
ALBERT J. GENTRY, B-93, AL Nelson Bty
US Civil War Soldiers Records and Profiles
Albert J. Gentry
Residence:
Occupation: Overseer
Enlisted: 8 June 1861 at Fluvanna Co. VA. as a Private
Served:
Enlisted in Co. 2nd VA Fluvanna #2 Light
Artillery
Died
US Civil War Soldiers 1861-1865
Albert J. Gentry
Capt. Snead’s Co. Va. Light Artillery (Fluvanna Artillery)
Rank in/out: Private
M382 Roll 22
American Civil War Soldiers
Albert Gentry
Residence:
Occupation: Overseer
Enlisted
Died
Enlisted as a Private 6 August 1861 in Co. 2nd,
Fluvanna Artillery
|
1860 |
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Albert J. Gentry |
20 |
Overseer |
VA |
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Cordelia A. Gentry |
26 |
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VA |
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1880 |
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Gentry, Albert J. |
42 |
Farmer |
VA VA VA |
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Gentry, Cordelia |
46 |
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VA VA VA |
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Garrett, Mary A. |
14 |
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VA VA VA |
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1900 |
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Gentry, Charles |
Aug 1865 |
34 |
M5yrs |
VA VA VA |
Painter |
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Gentry, Mary Ellen |
Jan 1872 |
28 2-2 M5yrs |
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MD ? VA |
Wife |
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Gentry, Clayton |
Aug 1896 |
3 |
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MD VA VA |
Son |
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Gentry, Ida C. |
Sep 1897 |
2 |
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MD VA MD |
Daughter |
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Gentry, Albert |
Jan 1843 |
57 |
Wd |
VA VA VA |
Father |
Laborer |
The (
ALBERT J. GENTRY
The funeral for Mr.
Albert J. Gentry, who died at the Confederate Soldiers’ Home,
Mr. Gentry was a
member of Nelson’s Battalion, Virginia Light Artillery, and served from
August/1861 to the surrender of Lee’s army at
63) Courtesy Ms. Lisa Lockett
Pvt. Solomon Arthur Gephart – [Plot H-12; Unreadable] ADOPTED
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Pvt.,
23)
Driver, Page 419
Born in Cumberland, MD. Enlisted in Frederick City, MD, April 20, 1861, as a private in Company A, First Maryland Infantry.
1)
Toomey, Page 53
Died 3/14/1904, aged 83.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
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Gibbins – [Plot A-45; Unreadable] ADOPTED
Died and buried 12/30/1863.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
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Beverly Gibson – [Plot F-03; Barely Readable] ADOPTED
Died 1/12/1880, aged 51.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
BEVERLY GIBSON, F-03,
C.S. Navy, died
American Civil War Soldiers
Beverly Gibson
Residence:
Enlisted:
Confederate
Enlisted as a Acting Master’s Mate
Commission in Navy Regiment, Confederate States
Promoted to Full Acting Midshipman
(Source: www.ancestry.com)
63) Courtesy Ms. Lisa Lockett
Fayette Gibson* – [Plot H-15; Unreadable] ADOPTED
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Died 12/28/1903, aged 73.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
* Fayette Gibson’s name appears on the famous “Maryland Scroll” that can be found on display in the visitor’s center at Brandy Station Battlefield. The building is otherwise known as “Graffiti House” owing to the massive amount of Civil War era writings and drawings to be found on the walls within the structure. Please make an effort to visit this site. It is a national treasure.
Fayette Gibson (Confederate)
Enlistment:
- Enlisted as Corporal
Mustering information:
- Enlisted into C Company, Stuart Horse 1st LA
(Virginia)
Sources for the above information:
- Index to Compiled Confederate Military Service Records
69) http://alexanderstreet.com/resources/civilwar.access.htm
FAYETTE GIBSON, H-15, VA Breathed’s Bty
US Civil War Soldiers Records and Profiles
Fayette Gibson
Residence: Talbot Co.,
Enlisted
Served:
Enlisted in Co. 1st VA, 1st
Mustered out
Died
The
American Civil War Soldiers
Fayette Gibson
Residence: Talbot Co.,
Enlisted 12 July 1862 at
Died
Enlisted as a Corporal in co. 1st, 1st
Stuart Horse Light Artillery
Transferred out 15 Set. 1864
|
1850 US Federal Census-MD-Talbot-St. Michaels |
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John Chew Gibson |
23 |
Physician |
MD |
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Rebecca R. Gibson |
25 |
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MD |
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Mary Gibson |
20 |
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MD |
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Fayette Gibson |
18 |
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MD |
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Edward Gibson |
16 |
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MD |
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Priscilla Gibson |
12 |
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MD |
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William Gibson |
10 |
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MD |
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1880 |
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Gibson, Fayette |
47 |
Miner |
MD MD MD |
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Gibson, Edward |
45 |
Miner |
MD MD MD |
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Gibson, William |
39 |
Miner |
MD MD MD |
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1900 |
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Gibson, Mary |
May 1835 |
65 |
MD MD MD |
School teacher |
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Gibson, Rebecca |
Sep 1830 |
69 |
MD MD MD |
Sister |
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Gibson, Fayette |
Nov 1837 |
62 |
MD MD MD |
Brother |
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Gibson, |
Nov 1840 |
59 |
MD MD MD |
|
I found his obituary on www.genealogybanck.com (The [Baltimore] Sun, 29 Dec 1903) but it is a very bad copy and parts are hard to read. Some parts I can make out are:
His mother was the oldest daughter of Col John H. Chew of Calvert Co.
Fayette had been an invalid for many years and lived with
his sister Mary, Rebecca and Elizabeth.
His brothers, Edward and William, also served for the Army of Northern
Virginia. Fayette, Edward and William
went to
63) Courtesy Ms. Lisa Lockett
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Henry T. Gibson – [Plot A-40; Unreadable] ADOPTED
Died 8/19/1863. Buried 8/20/1863, aged 27.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
The information I have is Henry T. Gibson b. Feb 15th, 1837 in Albamarle Co, Va and Died Aug 19th, 1863, following the Battle of Gettysburg. This information was found in the family bible. I have also learned through civil war records that he was assigned to Co H, 56th Virginia, Hunton's Brigade.
21)
Courtesy of Brad Gibson.
Henry T. Gibson (Confederate)
- Henry T. Gibson is buried at Loudoun Park Cemetery, Baltimore, MD
- Death claim filed Nov 14, 1863 for $175.43.
Enlistment:
- Residing in Albemarle County, VA at time of enlistment
- Enlisted as Private
Mustering information:
- Died of wounds while serving in 56th Infantry (Virginia)
- Enlisted into H Company, 56th Infantry (Virginia)
Listed as:
- Hospitalized on Jun 24 1862 at Chimborazo Hospl, Richmond, VA (With catarrh)
- Returned on Aug 10 1862
- POW on Jul 2 1863 at Gettysburg, PA
- Wounded on Jul 3 1863 at Gettysburg, PA
- Confined on Jul 25 1863 at West Building Hospital, Baltimore, MD (With
gunshot wound of humerous)
Sources for the above information:
- The Virginia Regimental Histories Series, (1987)
69) http://alexanderstreet.com/resources/civilwar.access.htm
Pvt. Robert W. Gibson – [Plot A-51; Unreadable] ADOPTED
|
|
Pvt Robert W. Gibson, Co. L, 21st
SC, from
58) Courtesy of
Jim Gabel JAGabel@aol.com
Died 10/17/1864
62) Confederate P.O.W.'S, Soldiers and Sailors Who Died in
Federal Prisons and Military Hospitals In The North , Francis Ingmire and Carolyn Ericson editors, Published
by the National Archives, 1984 from an original dated 1912 called Register of
Confederate Soldiers and Sailors who died in Federal Prisons and Military
Hospitals in the North, Compiled in the Office of the Commissioner for Marking
Graves of the Confederate Dead, War Department, 1912
Buried 10/17/1864.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
Harry Gilmor was born January 24, 1838 at
"Glen Ellen," the family estate in
8)
http://www.mdscv.org/1388/bio.htm
Died 3/04/1883, aged 45.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
Harry W. Gilmor (Confederate)
Enlistment:
- Enlisted as Major
Mustering information:
- Commissioned into Field and Staff, 2nd Battn Cav (Maryland)
Promotions:
- Promoted to Lt Col (Full, Vol) (date not indicated)
Sources for the above information:
- Index to Compiled Confederate Military Service Records
- Field Officers, Regiments & Battalions of CS Army
69) http://alexanderstreet.com/resources/civilwar.access.htm
Pvt. Hoffman Gilmor – [Plot F-03a; Readable] UNAVAILABLE (Private Burial)
Died 12/21/1912, aged 68.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
H. Gilmor (Confederate)
Enlistment:
- Enlisted as Private
Mustering information:
- Enlisted into F Company, 2nd Battn Cav (Maryland)
Sources for the above information:
- Index to Compiled Confederate Military Service Records
69) http://alexanderstreet.com/resources/civilwar.access.htm
Mentoria Nixon Gilmor – [F-04b; Readable] UNAVAILABLE (Private Burial)
Born around 1834 in New Orleans, LA.. Wife of Lt. Col. Harry W. Gilmor.
9) Rootsweb (http://worldconnect.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=ourfamily2003&id=I76874)
Died 12/13/1879.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
Capt. Richard Tilghman Gilmor – [Plot F-05a; Readable] UNAVAILABLE (Private Burial)
2nd Lt., Co. H (2nd), 1st Md. Inf. b. Glen Ellen, Baltimore Co., Md. 8/14/40. Res. of Towson, Baltimore Co. Arrested during Baltimore riot 4/19/61 and held for $13,000 bail. Released and ordered to go south, but stopped at Ft. Monroe and confined aboard U. S. S. Cumberland. Released and ordered to Baltimore. Went to Richmond instead. Enl. Richmond 6/18/61. Elected 2nd Lt., Co. H, 1st Md. Inf. 6/61. Present Camp Johnston near Winchester 6/61. Present 9/12/61. Paid 1/5/62, 2/20/62 and 7/22/62. Company disbanded 8/17/62. WIA (leg) Frederick, Md. 7/63. Reenl. Co. F, 12th Va. Cav. 10/31/63 as Pvt. Promoted 2nd Lt., 1st Lt. and Captain, Co. C, 2nd Md. Cav. WIA (left side) Middletown 10/64. Paroled Campbell C.H. 5/27/65. Returned to Baltimore 8/9/65. Served as Bailiff in Baltimore Criminal Court. Member, Army & Navy Society, Maryland Line Association. Entered Old Soldiers' Home, Pikesville, Md. 1892. d. 8/23/08. Bur. Loudon Park Cem., Baltimore.
23)
Driver, Page 420
The brother of Lt. Col. Harry W. Gilmor.
10)
Rootsweb (http://worldconnect.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=traci_church&id=I0650)
Died 8/23/1908.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
Richard Tilghman Gillmore (Confederate)
Biographical data and notes:
- Born in Glen Ellen, Baltimore Co., MD
- Last known address:
-
-
-
Enlistment:
- Residing in Baltimore, MD at time of enlistment
- Enlisted on Jun 18 1861 at Richmond, VA as Second Lieutenant
Mustering information:
- Transferred from 7th
Cavalry (Virginia) (Only on post war rosters)
- Discharged from 1st
Infantry (Maryland)
- Commissioned into H Company, 1st Infantry (Maryland)
on Jun 18 1861
- Enlisted into A Company, 7th Cavalry (Virginia)
on Feb 15 1862
- Commissioned into C Company, 2nd Battn Cav (Maryland)
on Oct 12 1863
Promotions:
- Promoted to Capt (Full, Vol) (date not indicated) (Promoted to Captain with
2nd MD Cavalry)
Listed as:
- Hospitalized on Jul 1 1863 at Lynchburg, VA (Sick, estimate date)
- AWOL on Sep 18 1863 at Madison County, VA
- Furloughed on Oct 8 1863 at Richmond, VA
- Oath Allegiance on May 27 1865 at Campbell Court House, VA
Sources for the above information:
- The Virginia Regimental Histories Series, (1987)
- Maryland's Blue & Gray, (LSU Press, 1997)
69) http://alexanderstreet.com/resources/civilwar.access.htm
Pvt. John Gilpin – [Plot C-17; Barely Readable] ADOPTED
|
|
Buried 10/14/1864.
6) Records of Loudon Park
Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
PVT. JOHN GILPIN, CO. F 22 VA. CAVALRY
BOWEN'S
REGIMENT of MOUNTED RIFLEMEN
*Introduction*
John Gilpin (first husband of
Mary Frances Karnes) was born about 1823, parents are as yet unknown. The
earliest written information on John Gilpin (husband of Mary Karnes) is on the
1850 Virginia federal census, with John living in the household of Adam
Hedrick, a blacksmith, along with others with various skills, in Tazewell Co.
Virginia. Why John was living in this household, I also do not know. It was a
common practice to send a son as young as 14 years old to live and work as an
apprentice with a professional. After so many years were served, the son could
then consider himself as educated in this matter and begin his own business, if
he so chose. This may or may not have been the case with John. He became a
farmer. Perhaps he moved to Tazewell and just needed a place to stay.
I am searching for information
to determine if James Gilpin of Smyth County, Virginia, may have been the
father of John Gilpin who married Mary Frances Karnes. James Gilpin and Rodham
Gilpin were both married in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, l809 and l803.
Rodham was born about l785 and James about l780. James was first in Washington
Co Va, and later in Smyth Co Va, probably due to a county boundary line change.
Another possibility of a father
for John Gilpin (married to Mary Frances Karnes) was a John Gilpin in Bedford
County, Virginia in l820. According to information from the l820 census, this
John was born about l775 to l794, the woman of this house was born in this same
time period. There were four children from infant to twenty five years of age.
I believe this John is the same one that also lived in Washington County,
Virginia, the same county James lived in prior to Smyth County. Because James
was born about l780 and Rodham about l803, perhaps James, Rodham and this John
may have been brothers or cousins.?.? James had five children from infant to
sixteen years of age in 1820. The elder John Gilpin may have been connected to
the Bedford Co Va Gilpins.
*******
John Gilpin (b: al823) married
Mary Frances Karnes between 1852 and 1853. John may have been about twenty
seven years old and Mary about seventeen or so.
"Virginia Mounted Riflemen"
In
July 1863 Federal Brigadier General John Toland, over the West Virginia
and Ohio cavalry, invaded Tazewell County, Virginia. He came up the Tug River
Valley and entered Abb's Valley on July 15, 1863, crossing Stony Ridge in
Tazewell County and camped 1/2 mile from Col. Henry S. Bowen's home. On the
16th they burned Lain's Mill and some homes. They were near Jeffersonville (the
county seat, now called Tazewell) and captured fifteen or twenty civilian men.
Some Kentuckians who were camped on Bowen's farm pursued them. On the 17th
Toland reached Wythville and, after running off the defenders of the town,
began to destroy the railroad line. These Yankees were scared off by an
approaching train which they thought contained confederate troops. This saved
Wythville.
Many
of the companies in the 22nd Virginia Cavalry were formed within weeks after
this incident. Many of these men may have served in the local militia, or home guard.
In September of l862, an amendment to the Conscription Act had raised the
eligible age limit to 45. John was about 39. The previous age limit was 35. For
a reason unknown presently, John did not join the service at the beginning of
the war. Whether he didn't believe in fighting or just didn't believe in this
war, he held out for a couple of years before joining up. 22nd
OFF TO WAR
John
Gilpin, at the age of about forty, either enlisted or was conscripted into the
22nd Virginia Cavalry on August 8, 1863 for a term of three years. This was
also the date the 22nd Virginia Cavalry was organized, though they weren't
officially recognized until October 27, 1863. John was signed in by Captain
Brown at Lynchburg, Virginia. (Military service records, National Archives)
According
to Dick Gilpin of Princeton, Mercer Co., West Virginia, Mary did not know John
was leaving, and apparently when she found out, she sent someone down to the
train station to get the horse. I don't know if he bought another horse or
what, but from what I have read, he had to supply his own horse to be in the
cavalry. This incident leaves many suppositions open to the mind. Did Mary
consider the horse to be more important than her husband? Was the horse the
only horse they had, and needed for plowing? Was John sneaking off, and Mary
decided he could go but the horse stayed? Or perhaps it was Mary's way of
protesting John going off to the war. Because John enlisted on the day the 22nd
was organized, it must have been a spur of the moment thing. Possibly those not
yet fighting actively in the war were being coerced into going to fight, and
John couldn't ignore the situation any more, and simultaneously couldn't face
Mary with the news that he was joining.
The
22nd Virginia Cavalry was organized by Col. Henry S. Bowen, formerly of the
188th Militia (Tazewell), under the authority of Brigadier General John Stuart
Williams. This unit was not an ordinary cavalry unit. Because so many men
wanted to be in the cavalry it had been ordered that no more cavalry units were
to be formed. They needed "foot soldiers", but at this point in the
war, things were not going well for the South. Because of this, it was allowed
that the 22nd Virginia Cavalry would be formed to act as partisan rangers. They
would, in effect, be primarily in existence to scout, harass and raid the north
and would use "guerilla" tactics to carry out their goals. Their
horses would have allowed for greater mobility, though many times they would
have dismounted and fought as dragoons, as the need arose. 22nd Virginia
Cavalry, p 14, 15.
22nd Virginia Cavalry, Bowen's Mounted
Riflemen
As
depicted in 22nd and other references; Capt. William W. Brown 1st Lt.
Jess Barker; 2nd Lt. Granville H. Neel 2nd Lt. John T. Litz; 2nd Lt. Thomas Turley.
Pvt.
David Lumpkin Eubanks of Co. K wrote after the war that in 1863 "[w]e
operated on the line between Virginia and Tennessee, and on the neck between
North Carolina and Tennessee. We made one raid down into Kentucky and brought
out a lot of horses and cattle." 22nd p21.
October
1, 1863 - Maj. General
Robert Ransom assumed command. 22nd
October
20, 1863 - Back in Tazewell Co Va., John Gilpin's young son, Charles, turned
five years old. The harvest season would have been about over now. The summer,
in all its glory, was fading into fall. John prepared for roll call on this
day. It hadn't been quite two months yet since he had joined.
December
4, 1863 The 22nd
Virginia cavalry was stationed at the "camp of instruction" at
Dublin, Pulaski Co., Virginia on December 3l, l863, per return of Major General
Samuel Jones, Commander, headquarters, Dublin Depot, Virginia. They didn't
appear to have been impressed with the "silly drill and ceremony."
This needs to be checked further as on a later date, December 5, 1863, Tommie
Morris of Co. G wrote "We are in camp ten miles west of Jeffersonville,
will start tomorrow morning to the Ridgement to draw cloths. The Ridgement is
at Tazewell County at Liberty Hill. They are going to Russell Co. to winter. They
say we will come to Wythe Co. to winter. I have got me a fine horse. We have
plenty to eat and nothing to do." The 22nd was "unattached" but
listed under Jenkins cavalry brigade. 22nd p20.
December 31, 1863
Army
of Western Virginia and Eastern Tennessee, Major General Samuel Jones, C.S.A.,
Commander, Headquarters, Dublin Depot, Virginia, included Ransom's Division,
Echols Brigade, McCausland's Brigade, Jenkins Brigade, cavalry, 22nd Virginia
cavalry, unattached, (total 788, present 539), Botetourt Artillery, unattached,
and Hart's Company, engineer troops. (Official Records, Series I, Vol
29, p.908 for above. Series I Vol 3l, p.892 has 22nd under Jenkins' cavalry
brigade, though noted as unattached.)
John
was present for roll call on this day and was paid by Captain Stuart. Was this
Christmas season spent with the company of family? From December 31, 1863 to
August 31, 1864 the 22nd was officially stationed in Milford, Virginia.
(Military Rec's)
Being
away from the family and farm must have been both difficult and a dangerous
adventure for John. He was a farmer and was surely reminded as such when the
harsh reality of war took the place of Mary and the children. Agnes would have
been old enough to help with the Christmas dinner that year. The baby, Mary, would
have been old enough to enjoy Christmas. (Would John have sent them some money.
Could the mail system have been dependable at this time?)
Campaign of 1864
(Unless
otherwise indicated, much of the information in this following section for April
and May was taken from Unreconstructed Rebel: The Life of General John
McCausland, C.S.A., by Michael J. Pauley and Official Records,
Series 1, Vol 37)
April
30, 1864 - 22nd was
assigned to Albert Gallatin Jenkins cavalry brigade, and under the command of
Major General John C. Breckinridge. They had no artillery support units.
Breckenridge reported directly to General Robert E. Lee. Official Rec's. Jenkins'
Cav. Brigade included: 14 Va , Col. Cochran; 16 Va., Maj. Nounnan 17 Va., Col French;
22 Va., Col. Henry S. Bowen
May
2, 1864: Breckenridge at
Dublin, Original Rec's (O.R.) p.708; "The bread question still
keeps me like a horse on a tread-mill. ... Try to ascertain privately the
prospects of subsistence and forage in front in case we contemplate a movement
on Baltimore and Ohio Railroad or to Kanawha ..." Lee had informed
Breckenridge the day prior that no reinforcements could be sent.
May
5 - 8, 1864:
Breckenridge rode for three days on horseback for l45 miles to Staunton to meet
Sigel, while Crook moved in on Dublin - Br. Gen. Albert Jenkins and Col.
McCausland were to intercept Crook - on the 9th Crook sent troops out to flank
the Rebels. One brigade of Crook's was led by Col. Rutherford B. Hays, later a
President of the United States of America. This encounter led to a fierce
hand-to-hand combat for two hours at Dublin, where Jenkins was killed. (Season)
Battle
of Cloyd's Mountain, Pulaski
County, Virginia, About five miles from Dublin.
May
9: McCausland reported
that Jenkins had been wounded and carried from the field. At that point, the
lines were broken and McCausland felt that the day was lost. He rallied as many
men as he could and using the fragmented regiments, formed them into a rear
guard. (War, Series I, Vol 37, p.45)
McCausland:
" The enemy charged repeatedly with cavalry but were repulsed with
considerable loss. As I approached Dublin I met with Co. D. H. Smith with 500
dismounted men of General Morgan's command, that had just reached the depot
from Saltville, and were then moving out to the field. I placed them in
position to cover the retreat, and moved the remaining troops through Dublin to
the New River bridge." (War)
William
H. French, temporary commander of Jenkins Brigade, requested that the 22nd and
16th cavalry be sent to Monroe County. Lewisburg in Greenbrier County, West
Virginia, was under Federal occupation. In McCausland's correspondence, he
stated, "I assumed command, being the senior officer, and collected the
troops at [New River Bridge]. The enemy ... may drive me away tomorrow. Our
loss is heavy in killed and wounded. (War, Series I, Vol. 37, p44)
McCausland
Synopsis, War,
Series I, Vol 37, p.45:
"
The position on the west side of the river was entirely untenable, and an
attempt to hold it would have resulted in the discomfiture and capture of my
command. ... Our [artillery] ammunition became exhausted, many horses were
killed ... when I gave the order to withdraw. The troops retired in good order,
passed through Christiansburg, and moved east to Big Hill, seven miles west of
Salem, where they were posted to meet the enemy... We reached Big Hill the llth
and remained there the 12th." McCausland ordered a withdrawal of the guns
with the infantry following and burned the bridge behind them. Two were killed
and six wounded. They headed towards Christiansburg. (Military Operations
p56)
Pvt.
Eubank's letter (U.S.A.) regarding this situation: "We charged the Yankees at
Jackson's River and they fled before us. In crossing [the] river at Dublin
several men were drowned, and 75 horses riderless swam back to us. We followed
the enemy to Covington and passed around the valley through the Elk Gardens and
viewed the beautiful scenery." (22nd, p.20)
Comment
by General Johnson:
"I had about 800
half-armed and badly disciplined mountaineer from southwest Virginia, who would
fight like veterans when they pleased, but had no idea of permitting their own
sweet wills to be controlled by any orders, no matter from whom emanating. They
were as brave and as fearless and as undisciplined as the Highlanders who
followed Charles Edward of Culloden." (22nd, p.25)
"Col.
H. S. Bowen, Twenty-second Virginia Regiment, arrived here ... with his
regiment and a part of the Sixteenth Regiment (Jenkins Brigade), under orders
from General W. E. Jones to picket and guard the front line and the line of
this department to Pound Gap. The Twenty-second Regiment was attached to this
brigade by order of General Breckenridge, and was ordered to report to
Brigadier-General Jenkins. I desire to know whether General Jones or yourself
is in command of this department. If he is not, I respectfully ask that you
take the necessary steps to have the Twenty-second Regiment returned to this
command. ... General Jones ordered Colonel Bowen to report to me at this place,
accompanied with the additional orders above." William H. French, Narrows
(War, Series I, Vol 37, p63)
May
17, 1864 - William L.
Jackson, letter to McCausland, 10:30 a.m.: "Having received reliable information
that the whole force of the enemy is moving toward Lewisburg ... I have ordered
my mounted men to follow in their rear ... with a view to annoy the crossing
(via burnt bridge) ... my command, now terribly in need of shoes, clothes, ...
are on half rations ... The enemy ... have suffered terribly. The whole road is
strewn with dead horses ... My command has captured a number of prisoners... (War,
Vol 37, p740) Jackson was at Jackson River Depot and Sweet Springs area on this
date.
The
Union troops took what food they could from the inhabitants in Monroe County
and around Alderson, leaving the inhabitants destitute.
Pvt.
Newton to his wife on
June 1, 1864 from Camp Union:
I have not heard from home
since I past through the garden ... and it is said that thear is sum yankees
thear [Lewisburg] and we expect a fight, but we do not know when. (22nd,
p24)
Pvt.
Eubanks of Co. K wrote:
We had a fight at Staunton
and ... Middlebrook ... we skirmished at Brownsburg and fell back to Lexington.
I stood by the corner of the Institute at the latter place and fought, while
bricks from the structure fell around me.
During a slight engagement at
Buckannon we placed a wire across the road ... the Yankee troops, not seeing it
for the smoke and dust. Then our artillery would [fire] a few canister and shot
from one of our batteries.
Orders were given to fire the
bridges when our troops had passed over. Some hasty fellows fired it too soon
and left an officer and myself on the enemy's side... [W]e happened to find a skiff,
hastened to the other side, and ran down the river under heavy fire in view of
both armies. We then crossed the mountain en route to Lynchburg... (22nd,
p26)
(See
page 82/83/84/85 in Season for an accounting of Lexington)
McCausland
burned the wooden covered bridge on the North River, slowing Hunter down for
only one day. The Federal artillery bombarded the buildings of Virginia
Military Institute (VMI). McCausland finally withdrew. The Federals entered
Lexington and Hunter had the VMI campus destroyed, including the library
collection which some scholars of that day said was among the five best in the
world, which inventory included originals from John James Audubon.
(Unreconstructed) Perhaps not all was lost, as the USA troops looted the
campus, taking instruments, books, and much more.
One
June 17, 1864 the 22nd Virginia Confederate cavalry lost one man KIA at
Forrest Depot prior to the battle at Lynchburg, Edward J. Culbertson of Co. A.
There were numerous bloody skirmishes on this day. (22nd p27) At this
point the Confederates were outnumbered two to one.
Lt.
Jubal "Old Jube" Early was ordered by General Lee to take over
Confederate operations in the Shenandoah Valley. (See page 86 in Season
for a personal description). Though Early felt Hunter would be impossible to
stop, Lynchburg was a crucial war industrial and rail center and considered
critical to the Confederate effort. (22nd p27)
Battle
of Lynchburg: The night
before a train had scurried up and down the tracks as if it brought in reinforcements
to Lynchburg and bugles and drum rolls could be heard by even Hunters men. It
was a ploy that even the townspeople took part in, with bands playing and
citizens screaming. Hunter became convinced Lee had sent an army in. On the
turnpike outside the city near the old Quaker church, McCausland was at the
right flank, somewhere between the river and creek. Crook was going to attack
McCausland's men but decided it unwise. The day grew hot and the soldiers
suffered from exhaustion, fear, heat and dust. The constant noise of the
artillery filled the air on and off throughout the day. The battle ended
sometime after 2:00 p.m.
The
course of these events turned to favor the Confederates and now the Federals
fled. That morning Major Genera. R. Ransom joined McCausland's brigade as they
sped to Buchanan in an effort to cut off Hunter. The day became hot and the
roads thick with dust. Kyd Douglas noted, as they went, "ransacked houses,
crying women, clothes ... draggled in the road, the garments of little children,
here and there ... a burning house marked ... Hunter's retreat ... and ... I
felt that vengeance ought not be left entirely to the Lord." (Season,
pl05) McCausland hoped to take General David Hunter prisoner, and on the 19th
caught up with Hunter's rear guard at Liberty (now Bedford, Va) ten miles west
of Lynchburg. McCausland then captured part of Hunter's supply train,
destroying part of it and then resumed the chase.
Lynchburg
Campaign comes to an end
June
21, 1864 - The
Confederate's lost one man as prisoner on June 21st, William P. Daugherty of
Co. A (who later died of pneumonia) in Salem, Virginia. (22nd) The
Federals were followed by Ransom to Sweet Springs Mountain. They suffered
through heat, dust, rain, mud and hours in the saddle. McCausland caught up
with the Federals and taking prisoners, several pieces of artillery, several
hundred fresh horses and a large amount of stores, such as ammunition, clothing
and personal property which the Federals had taken in their plundering. The prisoners
were sent to General Early and McCausland continued to pursue Hunter, who
escaped in the Kanawha Valley. The chase was then abandoned. Hunter retreated,
moving day and night, to Catawba Mountain, New Castle, Barbour, Warm Springs
Mountain, Sweet Springs, White Sulphur Springs (was at WSS on the 24th),
Lewisburg on the 26th, Gauley, Kanawha County at Charleston on the 30th. (Season)
By
June 26th Early's army of 14,00 entered Staunton, Virginia in the
Shenandoah Valley and moved northward. Early was sent north by Lee with 10,000
men to run Union troops out of the Shenandoah Valley, to take tributes from
Pennsylvania towns and to harass Washington, DC. (The Civil War) (check
36Va by Scott Between 6/21 and 6/26, 1864)
McCausland,
under Major General Robert Ransom, rejoined the main army just outside
Lexington. Many of Early's men had served under Stonewall Jackson and as they
passed the cemetery where Stonewall's grave was located, General Robert Rodes
requested the band play a derge. The columns silently passed with hats reversed
and arms reversed. Douglas Southall
General
Lee, with Hunter moving westward, decided to move toward D.C. Sigel had become
a joke to all as a military leader and the CSA held no fear of him or of Max Weber.
Lee wrote a letter to Jefferson Davis and the plans began. Early now commanded,
Breckenridge was second in command. Early blamed Imboden and McCausland for
Hunter's escape, and the cavalry felt little for Early. (__________________)
July
28, 1864 - The main body
of the Confederate army passed northward through Lexington and arrived in
Staunton. McCausland was in the lead as the army left Staunton on this date and
passed New Market on the 30th. The paved roads were hard on the unshod feet of
some of the soldiers. Shoes were requested. Early's newly formed Army of the
Valley advanced on Washington, D.C. with l4,000 infantry, 4,000 cavalry, 50
cannons, l000 gunners, l0 guns with the cavalry. (__________________)
July
5, 1864 - McCausland's
Brigade then moved on toward the Potomac River, camping in Jefferson County at
Shepardstown. McCausland's cavalry took the Sharpsburg turnpike, having failed
to rendezvous with Bradley Johnson at Hainsville. McCausland's orders were to
follow Sigel across the Potomac, and then continue on to Hagerstown to burn it
or collect $200,000.00 ransom. McCausland crossed the Potomac River on the 4th,
burning some canal barges at Slack Water. The smoke proved to be an alarm to
those guarding Hagerstown and they evacuated the military supplies. McCausland
reached Hagerstown on the 5th. About a mile east of Shepherdstown was a ford
and bridge. Since the bridge had been burned in l861 by rebel troops, the ford
crossing was the only way. The foot soldiers without shoes were tortured from
the assortment of shells stuck to the river bottom, which cut and tore the
flesh from the feet of the men as they made their way across. (Season)
They were ordered to prepare three days rations, meaning a battle was imminent.
They would have passed through Haysville and then on to Washington. (22nd
p31) General Lee's plan was to attack Washington to redirect the Federal forces
away from Richmond and possibly capture the city, President Lincoln and perhaps
liberate confederate prisoners held at Point Lookout.
July
5, 1864 - McCausland's
Brigade reached town on the 5th, driving the USA pickets in towards town, where
a skirmish occurred. McCausland and the US troops both retreated from town. July
6, 1864 - Early's headquarters were officially moved across the Potomac, to
Sharpsburg. Early's aide, Henry Kyd Douglas, stated: "... it is safe to
say no other General ... would have attempted it against such odds." (Season)
McCausland's
men moved into Hagerstown uncontested in the morning. A contribution of $20,000"
(instead of the intended $200,000.00) was levied from the inhabitants to save
the town from destruction. (Season) This was a clerical error. Clothing
was also received, having requested 1500 civilian clothing. As it came in the
form of suits, it was unsuitable for the soldiers. If they were to be caught in
civilian clothes by the enemy, the could be shot as a spy. Many were barefoot
and on July 7th obtained shoes. (22nd, p34) They had no taste for
engaging civilians in war, and soon moved on. Sigel's troops had reported from
Maryland Heights that Early's troops had been passing over the river for 40
hours, non-stop. (Season)
July
7, 1864 - Charles Gilpin
(no known relationship) with the 3rd Potomac Home Brigade of 700 men was sent
by Wallace to Clendenin's aid at Monocacy Junction against the CSA. Towards the
end of the day, Charles Gilpin was at Frederick skirmishing with the CSA. After
3 hours, Col. Gilpin charged his regiment of troops toward Rizer's corn field
after the retreating Confederate's. Johnson withdrew his Colf. troops about 9
p.m. (Season)
At
Washington, the citizens were in a panic, and it was reported that Early's
troops could be seen approaching from the west, looking like a long column of
dust. (Prisons & Escapes)
July
8, 1864 - Early's army
moved on before morning and McCausland's Brigade helped take Catoctin
Mountain. McCausland's men cut the telegraph connections to the right and
destroyed railroad track, which connected Maryland Heights, Washington and
Baltimore. Wallace, Col. Gilpin, Tyler & Clendenin's USA troops moved
toward Monocacy Junction. Hundreds of citizens went with them. The US knew they
were outnumbered but felt they should hold Early's movements up for at least a
day to allow Grant time to move in to protect Washington. (Season)
Battle of Monocacy, Frederick Co.,
Maryland
(Unless
indicated otherwise, much of the following regarding the movements of the 22nd
Virginia Cavalry is mostly from Season of Fire, The Confederate Strike on
Washington, by Joseph Judge, pages 183 through 198. Monocacy action took
place around I-270 near the Monocacy River. On Rt. 355 before the River from
Frederick is one of 4 monuments, at Monocacy Junction is a monument northern
soldier.
2nd Army Corps of Northern Virginia, Army
of the Valley District
I.
Lt. General Jubal A. Early, Commander; II. Maj. General J. C. Breckenridge
(became the youngest vice president of U.S., aged 35; a. Maj. General J. B.
Gordon; b. Maj. Gen. S. D. Ramseur; c. Maj. Gen. Robert E. Rodes; d. Br. Gen.
John Echols; e. Br. Gen. A. Long, artillery; f. Maj. Gen. Robert Ransom,
Cavalry; 1. Imboden/Smith; 18th Va., 23 Va., 62 Va., McClannahans; 2.
McCausland; 14, 16, 17, 2, 37 Va and on at least one occasion, the 22nd Cav.;
3. B. T. Johnson; 1st Md. 8th Va., 21st Va., 22nd Va.; 34th Va., 36th Va.,
Griffins-Md.; 4. "Mudwall" Jackson; 2nd Md., 19th Va., 20th Va., 46th
Va.; 47th, Lurty's Va.
July
9, 1864 - Fighting broke
out in various places: the railroad line, Jug bridge (at a log cabin), railraod
station at Monocacy Junction, and at the covered bridge. "Tiger John"
McCausland had his 14th, 16th, 17th and 22nd Virginia Cavalry come up from
Jefferson after the shooting started. He had been from Harpers Ferry to
Washington, tearing up telegraph lines. Season
"Tiger
John's" men then began dismounting in a meadow, its fragrance sweet. About
1/4 of them led their mount back to the river and walked across. The rest were
along a fence leading to the Worthington home, where its occupants watched the
unfolding scene from their basement, as these soldiers crossed into the
half-grown cornfield. About that time Wallace was sending a note to Ricketts,
USA, who was elsewhere already under fire, to advance some of his men to, and
conceal themselves behind, the cornfield fence. Season
McCausland's
information had led him to believe the junction was guarded by 100-day troops
and some national guards, but no regular troops. What they met was General
Wallace who quickly ordered Ricketts troops to advance toward them, concealed behind
the cornfield fence. Meanwhile, McCauslands men had stopped at the riverbank
and dismounted, some taking their mounts to the riverside, the rest walking
beside the fence that followed from the river to the Worthington home, and some
of the confederate cavalry crossed the fence to the left into the waist high
cornfield. These were probably the ones Wallace and Corbin noticed first. Season
Wallace
later described this scene: ""[S]uddenly ... arms were shifted, and,
taking to the double-quick, the [rebel] men raised their battle cry, which,
sounding across the field and intervening distance, rose to me on the height,
sharper, shriller, and more like the composite yelping of wolves than I had
ever heard it .. a tempestuous tossing of guidon, waving of banners, and a
furious trampling of the young corn that flew before them like splashed billows
... was more exciting - it was really fearful." Wallace wondered
"whether the coming fire would 'hush the howling? Would it stop the rush'?
Season
Lew
Wallace never forgot watching McCausland's battle charge at Monocacy and later
wrote of watching as "... across the cornfield through ... binoculars ...
a spectacle I will never forget." J. B. Gordon had similar comment re the
"audacity of that movement." McCausland was then 27 years old.
Wallace's aide, Maj. Max Woodhull, could then be heard to have cried "My
God! They are all killed!" The rebels had disappeared, leaving a few
riderless horses prancing in the trodden cornfield, and a few mounted officers.
After a few moments, the rail to the rear of the cornfield was darkened with
the bodies of the rebels climbing across in retreat, some of the sections
collapsing in their weight. Worthington wrote: "never saw another such
terrible sight as an army shocked and frightened a this one was. The men
dragged their muskets by the muzzle and their faces depicted the greatest
terror. ... They were panic stricken by the deadly ambush into which they were
unwittingly led." McCausland fell back. Season
July
10, 1864 - They marched
at daylight. No longer in the lead, the 22nd cavalry marched on for 20 miles.
The road to Rockville was long and tiring. It was eight feet wide and dirt. As
they tramped down the road, because there had been no rain for several weeks, a
brown dust and grit cloud filled the air. Wounds were covered with dust, spit
was brown like the dust and creased skin was raw from trapped gritty dirt. The
day was hot and humid, causing the men to straggle out, some to suffer
sunstrokes. Behind them was Ramseur and H. K. Douglas. Season
McCausland
was leading, their thirsty mounts were led as they went through Urbana,
Hysttstown and Clarksburg. Refugees fled before the Confederate army, flooding
Washington. The people were stunned that the Rebels were so close to the capitol,
which was virtually unguarded. Near Gaithersburg, McCausland met with a small
group of federals, briefly skirmishing before the federals fled. Early ate
supper here. (See John T. DeSellum papers, Montgomery County Historical
Society, Rockville, Maryland for scenes regarding Early.) (Season)
During
the night of the 10th (Sunday night) Washington gathered all they could to
defend the city from Early's army. Two thousand warehouse workers and file
clerks were gratefully accepted as temporary volunteers, along with the
invalids, reserves, 100-day men and regular volunteers. They were desperately
hoping Hunter or Grant would arrive in time to save them. In the dark of the
night, a squad of soldiers were sent to bring their commander-in-chief back
into town. Lincoln and his son, Todd, rode the carriage back during the night
to safety. (Season)
Monday,
July 11, 1864 - Marching
again at daylight, as usual the dawn was warm and the air heavy. The oppressive
and stifling night had not allowed much rest for the men. Early sent his army
down in two directions to Washington. McCausland's cavalry again in the lead as
they headed southward down Georgetown Pike towards Montrose, the rest went
east. They passed bloated and stinking horse carcasses at Rockville, Md., where
they briefly skirmished. They would skirmish sporadically throughout the
morning with USA Fry. The day became very hot and the heat and dust choked at
their lungs. Many fell by the way, too exhausted to go any further. According
to Quaker Farquhar, it was 94 degrees that day. Their weapons reflected the
sunshine and waves of heat floated up from the earth. Fry and his outnumbered
troops were ahead of McCausland. Season
On
another road that paralleled the one they were one was a cabin, which became the
subject in the famous Uncle Tom's Cabin and the area written about in
that book by Harriett Beecher Stowe was this same area. Season
It
was about twelve miles to Washington and the men were exhausted. The dust
clouds choked at their lungs and the thick stuffy air smothered them.
McCausland skirmished again near Bethesda and they were blocked by the Federals
from entering Washington. (Fed. Col. Charles R. Lowell met with the 10th, 15,
19th and 22nd Va. Cav. according to Lowell) (22nd, p38) McCausland, with
his horse-artillery and cavalry, reported that the works on Georgetown Pike
were too strong to assault. Season
Elisha
Rhodes of the 2nd Rhode Island wrote about Early's attack on Ft. Stevens in the
Washington suburbs:
On the parapet I saw
President Lincoln ... Mrs. Lincoln and other ladies were sitting in a carriage
behind the earthworks. ... as the President and many ladies were looking on,
every man tried to do his best ... The Rebels broke and fled ... Early should
have attacked early in the morning. Early was late. (The Civil War)
Elisha
noted that when they first arrived in Washington to help repel Early,
"many citizens had guns in their hands." (The Civil War,
p312.) McCausland reached Urbana where they drove off a Federal cavalry.
Charles
R. Lowell Jr, 2nd Mass. Cavalry, USA, to Br. Gen. Hardin, regarding the pursuit
of the Confederate forces, 12-14 of July, 1864: "... By small parties I
had learned that the rebel force did not extend far up the pike. I therefore
moved across the north from River Road, and, dismounting three companies,
turned the enemy's right flank. We drove them back ... and Lt. Col. Crownshield
moved them at same time about one mile up the Rockville pike. A prisoner
reports the force on the Rockville pike to be ... McCausland's cavalry brigade,
of Fourteenth, Fifteenth, Nineteenth, and Twenty-second Virginia Cavalry. The
band was that of the Fourteenth. He knows of no infantry on that road. They
have, I presume, a battery, but have only shown one or perhaps two guns."
(War, I Vol 37 p250)
McCausland
moved on to Georgetown. Washington and the nearly completed capitol dome was
visible from this location and the capitol's dome sparkled in the sun.
McCausland was the only Confederate General to come close enough to clearly
view the Federal capitol. Unknown to them, President Lincoln was at Fort
Stevens. Lincoln and his wife and Secretary of War Stanton took a carriage out
to Fort Stevens and while on the parapet viewing the battle, a minnie' ball
ricocheted, wounding the surgeon Crawford in the thigh, not far from the
President. For the only time during the Civil War, the President was under
direct fire. One view of what happened next was that Federal Captain Oliver
Wendell Holmes Jr. pulled at Lincoln's sleeve and yelled "get down you
damn fool". The President got down. Season
Early
had now received word that seasoned troops had arrived to defend Washington and
Early now thought twice about an assault. Skirmishers were left to cover their
withdrawal. 600 Confederate prisoners arrived at Elmira NY from Pt. Lookout,
Md., now totaling 1250.
July
13, 1864 - Lowell, USA,
Fort Reno, l3 July l864 regarding the rebels: "Their first picket was
about one mile from here. Have sent out to try and take it, but fear it has
already withdrawn. Their rear guards left the Bethesda Church about 4 a.m. The
main body [McCAusland's cavalry brigade] fell back about midnight. Have sent a
company to move up the roads to the left, and have now sent another to go to
the right, to the old city turnpike, from Leesborough to Rockville, to see what
is there and to pick up stragglers." (War, Series I Vol 37 p251)
Though
they succeeded in drawing the Federal troops from Richmond, their efforts to reach
and free Confederate POW's from Pt. Lookout were unsuccessful. Pt. Lookout was
a prison camp made with lodgings of tents. McCausland's cavalry brigade guarded
the left flank of Early's Confederate army as they withdrew into Virginia. In
addition to the Federals having sent extra troops of Grant's to protect
Washington, upon the arrival of this Confederate threat to the Union, a heat
wave covered the land, causing near drought conditions. Season
They
left behind burning or smoking houses, corpses in fields. The Federals and
townspeople were relieved - though left with the task of burying the dead from
both sides, who lay all over the countryside. Lowell's 2nd Mass. Cavalry from
ft. Reno down Rockville Pike - met CSA about 9 a.m. and skirmished - Johnson
took 60 prisoners near Rockville. McCausland chose not to take the popular
River Fords, some unsuitable for infantry and artillery to cross - he went down
River road to Edward's and Conrad's ferries. Hunter's troops never made it to
help protect Washington from this raid. Season
Back to Virginia
July,
1864 - The Confederate
army crossed the Potomac at White's Ford or Edward's Ferry, near Leesburg into
Loudon County, Maryland, taking with them the contraband and 1500 horses, and
over 2000 cattle. General Horation Wright, US, was at Poolesville, Md., but
didn't pursue the confederates into Virginia.
By
now, the stagnant water at Elmira Prison had become a concern. Not only was the
water stagnant, but the many prisoners daily urinated near it and/or in it. (Prisons
and Escapes)
July
15th & 16th, 1864 -
With the rise of the sun came the rise of another possible battle. When John
woke he probably didn't notice the sounds of the waking men - they were no
doubt fatigued, sweaty, dirty and uncomfortable from the vermin residing in
their clothes. Their clothing was becoming worn - their stomachs probably
grumbled from the lack of a proper meal. The sounds of daybreak were probably
almost unnoticeable to those participants of this "theater of war" as
they wondered what lay ahead and wearily prepared for another day of retreat.
Life resumed in the camp parameters as orders were shouted and the men prepared
to leave after their brief rest.
The
exhausted Confederates had camped for two days in Loudon County and resumed
their march on July 16th. Hunter and Franz Sigel (US) were said to be at
Harpers Ferry and Crook's men were in Hillsboro, in Loudon County. Early's
cavalry was covering their retreat, guarding their rear from the enemy to make
sure the wagon train and infantry retreated safely with their supplies and
booty. The 22nd Virginia Infantry was also with Early's army, and was with that
part of the wagon train attacked at Purcellville. John Gilpin may have known
some of them, they may possibly even have been related by marriage: George W.
Karnes, Corp/Sgt, Co. B, Jackson Co., WV, and James Baber Karnes, Pvt., Co. H,
of Craig County Virginia, enlisted at Monroe County and was later to be on
Alleghany County, Virginia pension roll. 22nd
McCausland's
cavalry brigade crossed the Potomac River at White's Ford near Leesburg into
Loudon County, Virginia on the 14th with federal prisoners, captured small arms
and artillery, loot and ransom money. The men were given two days respite in
Loudon and on the 16th resumed their march. Hunter and Sigel were at Harper's
Ferry and Crooks' Federals were at Hillsboro in Loudon County in pursuit.
As
Early's army moved on in their retreat toward Snicker's Gap (Blueridge
Mountains), they passed through Purcellville, Loudon County, VA, where they
were attacked. The Federal army captured part of Early's "wagon
train" including some of the "booty or spoils" they had captured
from Maryland. It appears that the Federals had finally woke up and made feeble
attempts of retaliation for Early's move on Washington and the countryside. Season
Of
the 22nd Virginia cavalry, one confederate was taken prisoner at Loudon County,
John Gilpin, on the 16th and William Stillwell was taken prisoner at Harpers
Ferry, during this part of their retreat. 22nd John Gilpin was said to
have been captured by Hunter's men. It isn't clear yet if John was captured at
Purcellville, though he was captured in that same county. (Prison Register no.
304, part 783, pg 168 for Gilpin)
On
July 19, 1864, Wiley Newton of 22nd Virginia Cavalry, Co. F. wrote home:
We have had a vary hard time
for the last two months, we are just back from Maryland. ... we had hard
fighting and marching to doo ... (22nd Va. Cavalry)
CAPTURED
- The war and McCausland's
men went on while Pvt. John Gilpin was taken prisoner in Loudon County,
Virginia on the 16th. The lettering for the location is unreadable on my copy
(_a_______ __rry Va) but is probably readable on an original. This may or may
not be Harpers Ferry, Va. (Roll 22 sheet 3) By the 20th John was at the Old
Capitol Prison in Washington. (Listed on Register of Prisoners No 304, part
783, page 168) The shelter at this camp consisted of tents.
The
soldiers had undergone so much prior to capture, including exposure to the
elements, psychological stress from the fighting and traveling, as well as the
stress of the actual capture. Then the transportation to the prison, a hostile
environment. John Gilpin was possibly 41 years old, and after all he had been
through over the previous several months, may have been weaker and less healthy
than a younger soldier. The first two weeks after capture would have been
critical to his survival as a prisoner. (Prisons & Escapes)
Elmira,
NY, Prison Camp, Register
#1, page 60
John
Gilpin, William Stilwell and William L. Smith were then sent to Elmira, NY, a
harsh prison camp of 40 acres near the Chemug River, which was to have a death
rate of twice that of other northern prison camps. His prison records conflict
as to his military situation, lists incorrectly as being in Co. A and Co. F, 22
Reg. Va. Artillery. The prison camp at Pt. Lookout, Maryland was overflowing
and Elmira was where they decided to ship some of the overflow, using a ship
from Beel Plain, on steamers to New York and by railroad to Elmira.
Elmira
prison camp was under U.S. Commissary-General of Prisoners, Col. Wm. Hoffman,
who bragged that he had killed more rebels than any regular soldier. This he
achieved through a lack of food and unhealthy conditions. Scurvy was common, as
well as its cause, malnutrition. The 35 barracks were made to hold 5,000 men,
and after being open only two months, was close to capacity with 4,400
prisoners. The first prisoners arrived the first part of July and by the end of
August, it held 10,000 men. Prisons & Escapes
I
originally thought John died of wounds received when he was captured but I do
not find any record of this, one way or another. The conditions at Elmira were
said to have been extremely bad. Upon arrival, the soldier was likely to have
been robbed of all but the clothes he wore, not even left sometimes with a
blanket to cover with at night when the northern climate of New York dipped
down low. At night when the fires were lit, the strong prisoners took a place
up close to the fire and the weak were left to shiver and freeze, sheltered by
only their tattered clothing at the outer parameters of the circle of men.
There were not enough blankets for them all, and was never enough food. Men
bartered what little they had with them for food and were forced to fight over
even rat meat. Often, the bread prisoners received was made from
"Unbolted" cornmeal, which contained hard indigestible bran, which
many times resulted in life-long stomach disorders, and led to disability for
some. (Civil War Prisons & Escapes)
The
psychological impact was devastating. The positive side of this prison was that
it had barracks to keep out the fiercest of the elements. However, the barracks
were "shanties", the beds were planks, many times with no blanket,
and only straw. The inmates were often dirty, pale, emaciated, with scanty
clothing. It was guarded by Home Guards, who were apt to be more abusive to the
prisoners than an active soldier. Elmira was nicknamed "Helmira", and
it was at this prison that the Commander of Andersonville Prison Camp in the
south, Capt. Henry Wirz, CSA, was imprisoned until he was sentenced and hung on
10 Nov 1864. (Civil War Prisons & Escapes)
Drinking
water could not be trusted as it was most likely stagnant, and/or contaminated
with insect larvae or worse. Almost 50,000 men would die in prison camps during
the civil war. One-fourth of those who went to Elmira would die, the total
being imprisoned there was 12,123. Elmira Prison Camp was commanded by Co. B.
F. Tracy, who was over the 127th Colored Troops. (Prisons & Escapes)
Co.
Huffman reported to Sec. of War a report re: Tracy and his medical officers
failed to follow ordered re: precautions for unnecessary suffering by POW's -
entransit to south and also "neglected the ordinary promptings of humanity
in the performance of their duties towards sick men, thus showing themselves to
be wholly unfit for the positions they occupy, and it is respectfully
recommended that they be immediately ordered to some other service" (Prisons
& Escapes, p282) There was also a report of 1 Nov l864 re: Sep 28/7? re
report on bad conditions in October at Camp - disease - deaths - etc. - good
summary. Page 302 refers to cracks in walls and cold winters, page 303 re
letters to POWs from Col Huffman re exchange and false hope.
29
Sep 1864, Prisons & Escapes, p256, a letter regarding instructions
from Col. William Hoffman, Federal Commissary - General of Prisoners to Col. B.
F. Tracy at Elmira re: preparation of journey of sick paroled prisoners: two
days cooked rations and water, medical supervision, Quartermaster at Baltimore
would provide transportation to Point Lookout.
On
October 11, 1864, after less than three months, having arrived about July 25,
1864, John was paroled (Elmira NY Register No 1 page 60?) but was unable to
last long enough to make it home. He was listed on the roll of invalid
prisoners sent from Elmira, N.Y. to Point Lookout, Md. to be traded back to the
confederacy in a prisoner exchange. The information indicates that his name is
a signature, though I do not know if it is his, on the Roll of prisoners
paroled at Elmira NY Oct 11, l864, roll not dated. They chose only the wounded
and critically ill prisoners for this exchange. He was sent to Pt. Lookout
October 16, 1864 to participate in an exchange which included only sick and
wounded prisoners. (Roll 1 sheet 16)
A
note on John Gilpin's card: "Received, Nov. 15th, 1864, at Venus Point,
Savannah River, from John E. Mulford, Lt. Col. and Asst. Agt. for Exchange.
Three thousand and Twenty-three (3023) Paroled Confederate Prisoners of War on
within Rolls, including; Four Citizens and Four (4) Surgeons and Seventy-four
others. - W. H. Hatch, Asst. Agent of Ezch." Taken from roll No. 76, Pt. Lookout,
Md. Duplicate filed under 487 T (O.C.P.) Oct 26?, l864, show this roll of
invalid prisoners sent from Elmira, N.Y. to Point Lookout via Baltimore,
Md." (Prisons & Escapes, page 256, 258)
Letter
from Medical Director at Baltimore, Md., Surgeon Simpson, l3 Oct l864, to
Hoffman, Prisons and Escapes, page 269, re: over l200 prisoners arrived via
railroad at Baltimore Maryland from Elmira, on their way to City Point,
Virginia for exchange. Many were sick, some died on the way. 60 were taken off
the train and did not continue on, being admitted to the West Hospital /
General Hospital "debilitated as a result of long term sickness and they
had to be carried in the arms of the attendants. Five of those were dead, and
one other died. Surgeon A. Chapel to Surgeon J. Simpson 14 Oct l864; Surgeon C.
f. H. Campbell to Surgeon Simpson; Prisons and Escapes, page 271, five died on
the train and one died at General Hospital - in the arms of the attendant while
being loaded on to the ambulance. Prisons & Escapes
On
29 September Col. William Hoffman sent instructions re: shipment of sick and
wounded prisoners shipment from Elmira to south for exchange. The train arrived
13 Oct at Baltimore for transfer to steamer to City Point, Virginia. Senior
officer on train, Major Roberts, reported to Office of Medical Director re:
several prisoners died en route and many sick. The Medical Director, Surgeon J.
Simpson, directed his staff doctors to examine the sick before departure.
Surgeon C. F. H. Campbell sent 60 of the prisoners to the local general
hospital and another died while being loaded into ambulance. Surgeon Simpson
forwarded reports from Campbell and Surgeon Chapel to Col. Hoffman. (Prisons
and Escapes, p282)
On
October 13th or 14th, 1864 John was admitted to the U.S.A. General Hospital
#457, West Building, Baltimore, Maryland, (Maryland Register No. 77, Hospital
No. 57?, card #193-68) and there died at about 41 years of age. Mary was a
widow at 27, the children fatherless at ages 10, 8, 6, and 3. A red line was
drawn through his name. He was buried on October 15, 1864 at Loudon Park
Cemetery in Maryland. (Register of Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Who died
In Federal Prisons and Military Hospitals in the North (War Dept., 1912)
Letter
from Campbell to Simpson dated l3 Oct l864: "[these] Men should not have
been sent from Elmira. If they were inspected ... in accordance with orders it
was most carelessly done ... and is ... disgraceful to all concerned. ... Five
men had died on the train on the road to this city from utter prostration and
debility, their appearance after death bearing evidence of this fact. Thus it
will be seen six men have died from the number sent, and ... many more deaths
would have been added..." Simpson to Hoffman: "The condition of these
men was pitiable in the extreme and evinces criminal neglect and inhumanity on
the part of the medical officers making the selection of men to be
transferred." Prisons & Escapes
It
was autumn and the leaves of the trees were probably turning to beautiful shades
as nature prepared for its slumber. Some of the illnesses of prisoners were
variola and erysipelas. I do not know that they are yet, but will try to find
out. John's comrade, William Stilwell, later died of chronic diarrhea on
November 16, 1864 and William L. Smith died January 31, 1865 of pneumonia. 22nd
Diarrhea (chronic) was probably the prisoner's worst enemy next to starvation.
Gilpin,
John Co. F. POW Loudon Co., to Elmira NY; Smith, William L. Co. H. POW Harpers
Ferry, to Elmira 7/23; Combs, Alexander M. Co. A. WIA by 10/31/64; Conly, Isaac
Co. C. WIA by 10/31/64; Fugate, John Co. A WIA by 10/31/64; Fugate, Robert B.
Co. A WIA by 10/31/64; Dean, Elias Co. A WIA by 10/31/64; Trowbridge, Francis
Co. E POW - sent to Elmira (22nd)
John
went to his resting place amidst strangers. I have to wonder if he died feeling
a free man, or still a prisoner at the hand of the enemy. I do not know if a
certificate of death can be obtained. This needs to be checked out. Perhaps the
military transcription of his war record will be the only death certificate we
will ever have.
***** THE BEGINNING OF THE END OF THE WAR
*****
In
August the following description was given of Elmira: scurvy present and extra
ration of cabbage, potatoes or onions recommended; new straw would help
accommodate 400 patients in hospital there; took 2 to 3 hours to feed all;
buildings unfit, messhouse was filthy, wards 2 & 4 unused re lack of straw;
weather unseasonably cold, no stoves in the quarters; poor drainage and
unhealthy conditions at stagnant pond; many in tents; no floors or blankets;
sinks are offensive (were these actual sinks or some type of toilet?). Prisons
& Escapes
20
Oct l864, Col. B. F. Tracy admitted in a letter to Col. Hoffman regarding the
reasons for the rate of mortality for the last two months at Elmira:
"probable causes ... including the insufficiency of the present diet and
clothing to maintain the standard of health in this climate, the effects of the
pool of stagnant water in the center of the camp..." (Prisons &
Escapes, p__)
24
Oct l864 Hoffman to Sec. of War regarding those in charge at Elmira prison
camp: "neglected the ordering promptings of humanity in the performance of
their duties towards sick men, thus showing themselves to be wholly unfit for
the positions they occupy..."(Prisons & Escapes, p__)
1
Nov l864 (p287) Surgeon E. F. Sanger at Elmira to U. S. Army Surgeon General at
Washington:
"... for the month of
October ... The ratio of disease and deaths has been fearfully and
unprecendentedly large ... since August ... there have been 20ll patients
admitted to the hospital, 775 deaths ... or 24 percent, admitted and 9 percent
died. ... an aggregate of l052 per day, sick. At this rate ... 36 percent die.
... a stagnant pond ...
received the contents of the sinks and garbage of the camp until it became so
offensive that vaults were dug on the banks of the pond for sinks and the whole
left a festering mass of corruption, impregnating the entire atmosphere of the
camp with its pestilential odors, night and day.
... the existence of scurvy
to an alarming extent (reporting 2000 scourbutic cases at one time): ... How
does the matter stand today? The pond remains given with putrescence, filling
the air with its messengers of disease and death, ... the hospitals are crowded
with victims for the grave.
... The men are hurried in to
their rations of bread, beans, meat, and soup, to half gulp it down on the spot
or to carry it hastily away to their quarters in old rusty canteens and
improvised dirty dippers and measures.
... when the sick were sent
from here for exchange ... I did not receive my supplies, and the patients were
sent off without coffee or sugar. The train started without reporting to the
medical officer, and before the nurses were assigned, blankets distributed, and
many had been fed after a fast of more than 12 hours.
Surgeon
Sanger at Elmira complained that he had to put up with a camp inspector who
would ... order pneumonia patients with blisters on their sides bathed,
..."
*****
September
19, 1864, while John was
wasting in the prison camp, the 22nd (Bowen's dragoons) and others faced
General George Armstrong Custer's 7th Cavalry Brigade of Michigan at Opequon
Creek, Locke's Ford. (Battle of Winchester) The 22nd Virginia Cavalry flag was
captured at Ninevah by Sgt. Levi Shoemaker of the 1st W.Va. Cavalry, who won a
Congressional Medal of Honor for this act (Nov l7, l864). By December 31, 1864,
of the last surviving muster rolls for the 22nd only 96 men were listed.
January 1864 McCausland led cavalry back to western Virginia for winter
quarters. Many were furloughed or deserted. General Fitzhugh Lee told
McCausland "Uncle Bobby has surrendered..." McCausland had only 27
men to be paroled at Appomattox courthouse. Only two of these were of the 22nd.
From the 22nd, 4 POW's were sent to Elmira, New York, three died before the war
ended, one was exchanged. (22nd)
The
Egyptian ruler is said to have offered McCausland (while at Paris) a high rank
in the Egyptian army. McCausland was later received by Mexico's emperor,
Maximilian. After Mexico's fall to "Jaurists" McCausland eventually
made his way back to W.Va. (by l868). In l868 the President issued a blanket
amnesty for all former Confederates.
*******
General
Lee surrendered to Grant on April 9, 1865 at Appomattox, Virginia and Johnson
surrendered on April 26, 1865. McCausland never surrendered.
"'The
predication is made that the future historian will say that, while the Armies
of the North saved the Union from dissolution, the Armies of the South saved
the rights of the States within the Union.'" World Scope Encyclopedia,
Rockville House Publishers, Inc., N.Y., N.Y., (1969)
*****
Bibliography
22nd
Virginia Cavalry,
Jeffrey C. Weaver, 1st Ed., (H.E. Howard Inc., Lynchburg Va) Virginia
Regimental Series, 1991
Unreconstructed
Rebel: The Life of General John McCausland, C.S.A., Michael J. Pauley (Pictorial Histories
Publishing Co., Inc., Charleston, WV 1993)
National
Archives Civil War Records
Federal
Census, 1850, 1860, Tazewell County, Virginia
The
Civil War, an Illustrated History
by Geoffrey C. Ward with Ric Burns & Ken Burns (Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.,
N.Y., 1990)
Immigration
and Naturalization Index for Alien Declaration
War
of the Rebellion, A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and
Confederate Armies,
Series l, compiled by the U.S. War Department., issued by Government Printing
Office (1889, l880-l901) 128 volumes, (used mostly Vol. 33, 36, 37, part 2, 47)
Military
Operations, 1861-1864,
by Milton Wylie Humphries, Bryan's Battery, King's Artillery, C.S.A., (Cotton
Hill Publications, P.O. Box 828, Gauley Bridge, WV
Season
of Fire, The Confederate Strike on Washington, by Joseph Judge, Rockbridge Publishing Co., P.O. Box 351,
Berryville, Va., 22611 (1994) copyright by Joseph Judge.
Civil
War, Prisons & Escapes; A Day-By-Day Chronicle, by Robert E. Denney
World
Scope Encyclopaedia,
Rockville House Publishing Inc., NY, NY, 1969
Further Reading
Our
Dead Keiley, A.M.
Address delivered at Loudon Park Cemetery near Baltimore 6-5-1879 at the
confederate graves, 14p
Early's
Raid on Washington, AWC,
by Charles Wendell Fenton, March 1916
Early's
Raid in l864, ...,
(1914-14) by Abner Pickering
Life
and Letters of Charles Russell Lowell,
by Edward W. Emerson, Boston, Houghton Mifflin Co. l907
History
of 8th Ill. Cavalry Regiment, Ill. Volunteers..., by Abner Hard, l868, re: Monocacy
Also
check history on 2nd Mass. Cav. and Fry
Monocacy
National Battlefield ) Unpublished National Pk
Susan
Moore Superintendant ) Service manuscript by
Kathy
Beeing Historian ) Edwin C. Bearss, Chief
Historian,
hour by hour acct.
Deaths
in Northern Prisons
"Confederate Veteran" XXXVII (1929) 157
Civil
War Prisons by
Hesseltine,William B., Kent State Un. Press., 1962, Kent Oh
Civil
War Prisons ...,
Columbus Ohio State Un. Press, l920
Prison
Life Among the Rebels by
Edward D. Jevey, Kent State Un. Press, l990, Kent Oh
July
1, l864, letter from Maj. Gen. Samual Jones CSA to Foster --- re exchange of
prisoners to relieve suffering on both sides.
The
Battle of Monocacy by
Edward Y. Goldsborough (Historical Society of Frederick, Md., 1898)
Manuscripts and Public documents to read
Pvt.
David Lumpkin Eubanks Memoir, courtesty of Dyer Eubanks, Smyrna, Georgia &
Keith Bohannon, Marietta, Georgia.
Letters
from Pvt. Wiley K. Newton, courtesty of Dan Bailey, Tazewell Va., (Scott Cole,
Cedar Bluff, Va., has his picture - elderly man by then)
United
States National Archives & Records Administration:
Compiled
Service Records of Confederate Soldiers who served in Organizations from the
State of Virginia, Record Group 109, 22nd Va. Cavalry, Microcopy 324, Rolls
169-171.
Virginia
Department of Archives & History, Richmond, Virginia, Virginia State
Library Pension Applications, Confederate Soldiers made under Acts 1888, 1900
& 1902.
50) http://www.lcarver.com/john.html
George
H. Givans – [Plot C-52; Unreadable] ADOPTED
6) Records of
Pvt. Richard C. Glass – [Plot F-56; Unreadable] ADOPTED
|
|
Reburied from Virginia, 1874.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
Pvt. Samuel Thomas Glenn – [Plot C-32; Readable] ADOPTED
|
|
Pvt., Co. C (3rd), 1st
23)
Driver, Page 421
Born in Queen Anne County, MD. Enlisted August 29, 1861, at Eastville, VA, as a private in Company B, Thirty-ninth Virginia Infantry….Was wounded at Gettysburg June 3, 1863, in the lower part of the arm.
1)
Toomey, Page 53.
Died 9/14/1919, aged 81.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
Dennis L. Godwin – [Plot D-37; Barely Readable] ADOPTED
Buried 5/15/1862.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
DENNIS L. GODWIN, D-37, N/A
US
Civil War Soldiers 1861-1865
Dennison
L. Godwin
5
N.C. Inf.,
Rank
in/out: Private
M230
Roll 15
US
Civil War Soldiers Records and Profiles
Dennison
L. Godwin
Residence:
Hertford Co., NC
Occupation:
Farmer
Age
at Enlistment: 27
Enlisted:
6 Nov 1861 as a Private at Hertford Co., NC
Served:
NC
Survived
War: No
Mustered
out at
Promoted
to Full Qtr. Master Sergeant on 3 Oct. 1861
Enlisted
in
Promoted
to Full Private on 30 Jan. 1862
Born:
Abt. 1834
American
Civil War Soldiers
Dennison
Godwin
Residence:
Hertford Co., NC
Occupation:
Farmer
Enlisted:
11 June 1861 at Hertford Co., NC
Died
as a prisoner in Co. F, 5th Inf. Reg. NC at
Enlisted
as a Private on 11 June 1861 at the age of 27
Promoted
to Full Quartermaster Sergeant 3 Oct. 1861
Promoted
to Full Private (Reduced to ranks) 30 Jan. 1862
Civil
War Prisoner of War Records-Register of Confederates who died in federal
prisons and Military hospitals in the North, 1861-1865
Godwin,
Dennis L. ---------------- May 15, 1862 buried Loudon Park Confederate lot, A77
|
1850 |
|
||
|
Kenny Godwin |
42 |
Farmer |
NC |
|
Sarah Godwin |
44 |
|
NC |
|
Margaret Godwin |
75 |
|
NC |
|
|
17 |
|
NC |
|
Samuel Godwin |
14 |
|
NC |
|
Margaret Godwin |
11 |
|
NC |
|
Kenneth R. Godwin |
7 |
|
NC |
|
Amelia Godwin |
5 |
|
NC |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1860 UD Federal Census-NC-Hertford |
|
|
|
|
|
26 |
Field Laborer |
|
The
(
Another
Wounded Prisoner Dead—Dennison L. Goodwin,
a private in the 5th North Carolina Volunteers, died at the city
jail yesterday morning, from wounds received at the battle of
Williamsburg. He leaves a wife and
several children in
63) Courtesy Ms. Lisa Lockett
Major William W. Goldsborough – [Plot H-02; Unreadable] ADOPTED
|
|
Born 1831, Died 12/25/1901, aged 67. Cousin of Bradley T. Johnson. Joined the Confederate Army as a Private in the spring of 1861. Elected Captain of Company A, 1st Maryland Infantry (C.S.), upon the promotion of Johnson to Major. Later served as a Major in the 2nd Maryland Infantry (C.S.). Wounded and captured at Gettysburg. Imprisoned as one of the "Immortal 600."
11)
Courtesy of Co. C, 2nd Maryland Infantry, CSA. http://users.erols.com/driden/WWGoldsborough.htm
|
|
|
Captain, Co. A, 1st Md. Inf. & Major, 2nd Md. Inf. b. "Graceham," Frederick Co., Md. 10/6/31. Att. schools in Hanover, Pa. Printer, Pittsburgh, Pa. and Baltimore circa 1850. Enl. Co. C (2nd), 1st Md. Inf. Richmond 5/17/61 as Pvt. Promoted Captain, Company A 5/21/61. Present 6-12/61. Reenl. 2/8/62. Paid 3/3/62. Present 3/28/62. Signed for 66 pair of shoes, 11 caps, 3 overcoats, 28 jackets and 20 pair of paints for company 4/30/62. Present Front Royal (where his brother Charles was captured while serving in the 1st Md. Inf. U. S.) and Winchester. WIA (side) Harrisonburg 6/6/62. Present Cross Keys and Seven Days campaign (commanded company in 48th Va. Inf.). Paid 6/20/62 and 8/17/62. Served as Aide de camp to Col. Bradley T. Johnson (his cousin) and WIA 2nd Manassas 8/30/62. Raised Co. G, 2nd Md. Inf. Richmond 12/14/62. Present Staunton 12/30/62. Joined regiment at New Market 1/2/63. Elected Major 1/26/63. Commanding regiment 4/25/63. Present Winchester 6/13/63. Commanding regiment 6/23/63. WIA (through left side and lungs and back) and captured Gettysburg 7/3/63 while commanding the regiment. Sent to Letterman hospital. Transf. West buildings hospital, Baltimore. Transf. Ft. McHenry, Ft. Delaware, Hilton Head, S.C., Ft. Pulaski, Ga. and back to Ft. Delaware. One of the "Immoral 600." Released 6/12/65. 5'11", fair complexion, light hair, brown eyes, res. of Baltimore. Established Winchester, Va. Times and Philadelphia. Pa. Record in 1870-1890. Foreman, Tacoma Daily Globe, Washington. Foreman Everett Herald & Sun. Member, Army & Navy Society, Maryland Line Association. Assistant Newspaper shop foreman Philadelphia Record, 1894 until run over by a bicycle in 1896 and forced to use crutches. d. Philadelphia 12/25/01. As he lay dying he told his wife "Don't bury me among the damn Yankees here." Bur. Loudon Park Cem., Baltimore. Wrote "The Maryland Line in the Confederate States Army" in 1869. Reprinted with enlarged edition in 1900.
23)
Driver, Page 422
WILLIAM W. GOLDSBOROUGH,
US Civil War
Soldiers 1861-1865
William W. Goldsborough
Confederate MD
2 Battn MD. Inf.,
Rank in: Captain
Rank out: Major
American Civil War
Soldiers
William Goldsborough
Residence:
Enlisted:
Born:
Died:
Enlisted as Private at the age of 29 in Co. C., 1st Inf. Reg. MD.
Promoted to Full Captain (As of
Discharged from Co. C 17 aug 1862
Promoted to Full Captain (As of 48th VA Inf)
Commission in 48th Inf. Reg VA
Discharged for promotion from 48th Inf. Reg. VA 14 Dec 1862
Commission in
Promoted to Full Captain (As of
Promoted to Full Major
Height: 5’11” Eyes: Brown Hair: Light Complexion: Fair
63) Courtesy
Ms. Ms. Lisa Lockett.
The
(
MAJOR GOLDSBOROUGH DEAD
Gallant
Confederate Officer Passes Away In
News was received in
Major Goldsborough was well known to many
Baltimoreans, especially old Confederates, and they all spoke of him in the
highest terms as one of the most gallant and _______ men in the Southern army,
_________ been especially ________ for bravery.
He entered the First Maryland Regiment, Confederate States Army, at the
beginning of the war as a private. Gen.
Bradley T. Johnson, then captain of Company A, who was a cousin of the
deceased, was promoted to major in June 1861, and urged upon the company the
selection of
Private Goldsborough as captain. This
was done and he filled the office as long as the regiment was in existence.
He participated in the campaigns in the
This brigade was in the desperate fight in
the railroad ____ at the second battle of
In the Battle of Gettysburg Major
Goldsborough commanded the regiment, Colonel Herbert having been severely
wounded some time before. The Second
Maryland took part in the desperate attack on Culp’s Hill on the left of the
Confederate line Major Goldsborough placed the right of the regiment in the
command of the gallant Captain Murray, who was killed while leading his men and
he led the left. Two-thirds of the total
number of men in the regiment were killed or wounded in the attack, including
Major Goldsborough. He was captured by
the Federal troops and remained a prisoner until the close of the war.
Colonel Herbert and Major Goldsborough were
among the five or six hundred Confederate officers placed within range of the
fire of the Confederate batteries at
Major Goldsborough wrote many sketches and
articles for the Record on historical incidents of the war relating to
Marylanders. For some time he had been
engaged in compiling his work in connection with the Maryland Confederates
under a contract with a
In 1879 Major Goldsborough issued a work
entitled ‘ The Confederate Line in the Confederate States Army.’ Some five years ago he rewrote this volume,
but being for business reasons unable to complete the details. It was finished, edited and published by
Capt. G. W. Booth.
The
(
LAST
BUT ONE TO LIVE
Major
Goldsborough’s Part In The Battle Of Gettysburg
LED
RUSH ON CULP’S HILL
Desperately
Wounded And Taken With Other Marylanders To Widow Wilble’s House
An old comrade of Major W.W. Goldsborough
sends the following reminiscences to The Sun.
“The death of Major Goldsborough leaves but
one survivor of the group of wounded Confederate officers who were in Widow
Wible’s house near the battlefield of
“Lieutenant Colonel Herbert, the commander
of the Second Maryland Infantry, was wounded severely on the evening of the
second day’s battle. The command had
made a long charge, subject at first to the fire of the enemy’s artillery,
which was handled with deadly precision, and, after a breathing spell while
descending into the
“ In the charge up the hill the gallant
Herbert was wounded and the command devolved upon Major Goldsborough. He commanded the battalion in the desperate
charge of the next day when trees 18 inches thick were cut off by the bullets
from the opposing lines and where Murray and so many gallant men fell. He was desperately wounded and with Herbert
and Lieutenant Barber and another was carried to the house I have mentioned and
occupied the first floor. There, under
the skill of the Confederate surgeons, the kindness of the noble Baltimore
women who nursed them and the freedom from survelliance which our friend the
enemy left us, under a kind Providence, these desperately wounded men were won
back to convalescence.
“Lieutenant Barber, apparently the least
wounded of the four, was the only one to die.
Major Goldsborough had a bullet wound immediately above his heart.
Physically he was never the same man as before but he continued ever the
gallant soldier who had won our youthful hearts by his wonderful bravery and
enterprise in battle.
“His battles are all over now. His battle with life, the longest and perhaps
the hardest, is ended. May he have good
rest upon the other shore.”
The
(
WITH MILITARY HONORS
Major
Goldsborough’s Body Buried In Loudon Park Cemetery
Major William W. Goldsborough, the gallant
Confederate officer who died on Christmas Day at his home in
At the entrance to the cemetery a procession
was formed. In advance walked a fife and
drum corps, followed by a battalion from the Fifth Regiment, under command of
Capt. N. Lee Goldsborough, made up from members of the various companies
composing the regiment. Next came the
honorary pallbearers followed by Rev. Dr. William M. Dame, rector of the
Memorial Protestant Episcopal Church, chaplain of the Fifth Regiment. The hearse and carriages came next, followed
by delegations from the Society of the Army and Navy of the Confederate States
in
When the members of the Fifth Regiment had
come to a ______ near the grave the
casket containing the body of Major Goldsborough was removed from the hearse
and borne to the grave by the active pallbearers, all of whom were members of
the James R. Herbert Camp.” The simple
burial service of the Protestant Episcopal Church was then read in a feeling
and impressive manner by Rev. Dr. Dame.
At it’s conclusion three volleys were fired over the grave and the
bugler sounded taps.
Mrs. Louise Goldsborough, the widow of the
deceased officer, stood near the grave bowed with grief. She said it was her husband’s last wish that
he be buried in the Confederate Plot beside his deceased comrades.
63) Courtesy Ms. Lisa Lockett
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Sgt. William Goldsmith – [Plot C-101; Readable] ADOPTED
Died 10/19/1898. C-101. Age 75.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
WILLIAM GOLDSMITH
The (
William Goldsmith,
a veteran of the Maryland Line, Confederate Soldiers’ Home,
63) Courtesy Ms. Lisa Lockett
Frank Goodwin – [Plot C-70; Barely Readable]
Buried 7/21/1863, aged 19.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
8th GA. US Civil War Soldiers 1861-1865, F.G. Goodwin, Confederate GA, 8th GA Inf., Co. B
American Civil War
Soldiers
F. Goodwin
Residence: Chatham Co., GA
Enlistment Date: 21 May 1861
Co. B, 8th Inf Reg GA
Killed 2 July 1863 at Gettysburg, PA
63) Courtesy Ms. Lisa Lockett
F. G. Goodwin (Confederate)
Enlistment:
- Residing in Chatham County, GA at time of enlistment
- Enlisted on May 21 1861 as Private
Mustering information:
- Enlisted into B Company, 8th Infantry (Georgia)
on May 21 1861
- Killed while serving in 8th Infantry (Georgia)
on Jul 2 1863 at Gettysburg, PA
Sources for the above information:
- Roster of Confederate Soldiers of Georgia 1861-1865, (Longino & Porter,
1955-58)
69) http://alexanderstreet.com/resources/civilwar.access.htm
Pvt. R.W. Goodwin – [Plot A-44; Unreadable] ADOPTED
|
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Buried 12/30/1863.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
Dr. Benjamin Gough – [Plot D-58; Unreadable] ADOPTED
|
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Pvt., Co. A, 1st Md. Inf. b. 1835. Clerk, age 25, St. Mary's Co., Md. 1850 census. On postwar roster. Reenl. Co. I, 4th Va. Cav. Sangster's Station 7/11/61. Detailed as Hospital Steward 1/14/62. Also served in 2nd Va. Cav. and Winder hospital, Richmond. Gd. Medical College of Va. during the war. M. D., Leonardtown, Md. Admitted Old Soldiers' Home, Pikesville, Md. 2/7/90. d. there 3/13/12. Bur. Loudon Park Cem., Baltimore. Also has marker in St. Andrews Cem., Leonardtown, Md.
23)
Driver, Page 423
Benjamin Gough,
M.D.
1835 – 1912
Dr. Benjamin Gough was brother of Dr. Richard T. Gough (1822 – 1886). The Gough immigrant, William Gough, came to Maryland from England in 1673 and was commissioned as deputy surveyor by Baker Brooke, Esquire, surveyor General. The family has been prominent in St. Mary’s Co. ever since. Dr. Benjamin Gough was son of Bennett Gough and his wife, Ann L. Mills, of Medley’s Neck, south of Leonardtown.
He was in the Confederate Service from 1861 – 1865. He served as a Private in Company I, 4th Virginia Cavalry. He was transferred to the Hospital Corps in 1862 and studied medicine while the war was in progress. He was later graduated from the Richmond Medical School.
No Record was found of a marriage.
Dr. Benjamin Gough was admitted to the Confederate Soldiers Home at Pikesville, Western Maryland on February 7, 1890. The Confederate Soldiers Home Record Book (1911 – 1913) gives this account:
Wednesday, March 13, 1912, “Dr. Benjamin Gough is reported to be dying. The man who sat up with him last night said he gave him 10 ounces of whiskey during the night. Rain commenced falling about 8 a.m., and soon after breakfast, rained all morning – light rain. Our late brother Dr. Benjamin Gough passed quietly away this afternoon at 4:45 p.m. He was an invalid for many years, 4 or 5 I think. This makes the third death of members of this Home for this year up to date. (p. 71).
March 16, 1912: Our late Brother Dr. Benjamin Gough was laid to rest yesterday afternoon in the Confederate Lot, Louden [sic] Park Cemetery. Funeral services in the Relic Hall, Rev. G.M. Murray officiating clergyman of the P.E. Church.” (p. 72).
Excerpt from Margaret K. Fresco's book, "Doctors of St. Mary's County."
25)
Courtesy of Chris Clark, Indiana
Died 3/14/1912, aged 78.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
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Graham – [Plot D-29; Unreadable] ADOPTED
Buried 5/11/1862.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
Pvt. Israel J. Graham – [Plot B-57; Barely Readable] ADOPTED
|
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Buried 12/01/1908, aged 75.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
US
Civil War Soldiers 1861-1865
Confederate
MD
1
MD Cav,
Rank
in/out: Private
M379
Roll 1
US
Civil War Soldiers 1861-1865
J.
Graham
Confederate
MD
1
MD Cav,
Rank
in/out: Private
Alternate
Name:
M379
Roll 1
American
Civil War Soldiers
Confederate
MD
Private
US
Civil War Soldiers Records and Profiles
Private
Enlisted
in
Index
to Compiled Confederate Military Service Records
US
Civil War Soldiers 1861-1865
J.
Graham
7
VA Cav (Ashby’s Cav), Co. G
Rank
in/out: Private
M382
Roll 22
US
Civil War Soldiers Records and Profiles
Enlisted
3 Jan 1862 as a Private at
Enlisted
in co. A, MD 1st Cav Battn
Enlisted
in
The
Civil
War Prisoner of War Records
Graham,
J., Pvt 1 Md Co A, captured Hanover Junct May 27, 1864. Released June 16, 1865
www.GenealogyBank.com,
News Article, 6 December 1908
CONFEDERATE
VETERANS DEAD
Two
veterans died yesterday at the Confederate Soldiers’ Home,
Mr.
Graham was a native of Loudoun county, Virginia, and was 75 years old. Enlisting at
Mr.
Lusby was born in
63) Courtesy Ms. Lisa Lockett
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James W. Green – [B-79a; No Marker] ADOPTED
WIA, Gettysburg
43) http://home.earthlink.net/~bklohr/BatteryRoster.htm
Died 6/29/1903, aged 61.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
Pvt. Mathew Green – [Plot H-05; Barely Readable] ADOPTED
|
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Pvt., Co. D, 1st
23)
Driver, Page 425
Born at Baltimore City March 26, 1835. Enlisted May 1861 at Harpers Ferry in Company D, First Maryland Regiment Infantry for one year. Re-enlisted 1863 in Colonel Mosby’s command at Headquarters, Fauquair County, VA, for the war.
1)
Toomey, Page 53
Died 12/21/1904, aged 69.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
MATHEW GREEN, H-05, Co. D, 1st MD Inf & Mosby’s Cav
US Civil War Soldiers 1861-1865
Matthew Green
Confederate MD
1 MD Inf.
Rank in/out: Private
M379 Roll 1
American Civil War Soldiers
Matthew Green
Confederate MD
Private in
|
1880 |
|
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Green, Matthew |
45 |
segar maker |
MD IRE IRE |
|
|
|
Green, Eliza |
44 |
|
VA IRE NY |
Wife |
|
|
Green, Charles |
19 |
Salesman |
MD MD VA |
Son |
|
|
Green, Sarah |
14 |
|
PA MD VA |
Daughter |
|
|
Green, Frank |
12 |
Office boy |
PA MD VA |
Son |
|
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Green, Annie |
10 |
|
PA MD VA |
Daughter |
|
|
Green, Mary |
7 |
|
CT MD VA |
Daughter |
|
|
Green, John |
7 |
|
MD MD VA |
Son |
|
|
|
|
|
|
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1900 |
|
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|||
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Green, Matthews |
Soldier |
Mar 1835 |
65 |
MD MD MD |
inmate |
The (
MATTHEW GREEN
Mr. Matthew Green, an
ex member of Company D, First Maryland Infantry, and of Mosby’s Cavalry, died
yesterday at the Confederate Soldiers’ Home, Pikesville. He was 69 years old and was born in
Mr. Green enlisted
in the First Maryland Infantry at
63) Courtesy Ms. Lisa Lockett
|
|
Pvt. Vincent Green – [Plot C-36; Readable] ADOPTED
WIA, Fredericksburg
43) http://home.earthlink.net/~bklohr/BatteryRoster.htm
Died 2/16/1919, aged 77.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
|
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William Oliver Green – [Plot B-50; Barely Readable] ADOPTED
Pvt.,
23)
Driver, Page 425
Died 6/05/1918, aged 76.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
WILLIAM OLIVER GREEN, B-50,
The
(
DEFENDER
AT
William
O. Green, Confederate Veteran, Dies At Home
HIS
BURIAL MEMORIAL DAY
Exercises
In Honor Of Old Warriors Of South To Be Held At Loudon Park Today
When the deeds of Confederate soldiers are
called to memory at 4 o’clock this afternoon in the lot of old soldiers’ at
William O. Green, the largest man in the
Confederate Soldiers’ Home at
Mr. Green enlisted in the Confederate States
Army, as private at
The decoration of Confederates’ graves is
done solely by sympathizers with the “Lost Cause.” Each year the program is about the same. As many of the inmates of the home as
possible attend while all the affiliated societies, including the Daughters of
the Confederacy, form a procession at the main gate of the cemetery, marching
to the lot where the exercises are held.
There will be about 400 persons in the procession, of whom about 50 will
come from the home.
“Sleep on, Oh, Happy Heroes” will be sung by
a male chorus, under the direction of Frederick Furst. Prayer will be offered
by Rev. Dr. William M. Dame, rector of Memorial Protestant Episcopal Church and
an old soldier. Congressman Frank Clark,
of
“Sleep Comrades, Sleep” will be sung by the
male chorus. Miss Katie McWilliams will
recite. The male chorus will sing “Abide
With Me” after which benediction will be pronounced and the services will be
concluded by the singing of “Nearer My God, to Thee” by the audience, with the
accompaniment of a band.
There will be a liberal strewing of flowers
on the graves by the members of the Daughters of the Confederacy and their
friends, who take at least this one opportunity to show their admiration and
respect for those who fought for the preservation of their commonwealths and
the continuance of principles which they believed to be not only just but their
inalienable right.
63) Courtesy Ms. Lisa Lockett
G. Waters Greenburg – [Plot G-22; No Marker] ADOPTED
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Reburied from Ft. McHenry, 1895.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland
|
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Pvt. William H. Greenfield – [Plot A-58; Barely Readable] ADOPTED
Cpl., Co. G, 1st Md. Inf. b. Md. circa 1839. Res. of Baltimore. Enl. Harpers Ferry 5/22/61 as Pvt. Present 9-12/61. Promoted Cpl. NFR. Reenl. C.S. Navy as Yeoman and served on C.S.S. Patrick Henry and Chickamauga. Served in Horse Artillery Battery, Charleston, S.C. Deserted to the enemy Charleston, S.C. 2/16/65. Took oath and released 3/13/65. Age 26, 5' 5", dark complexion, dark hair, dark eyes. Destination Baltimore. Member, Army & Navy Society, Maryland Line Association 1894, res. of Baltimore. d. 3/29/97. Bur. Loudon Park Cem., Baltimore.
23)
Driver, Page 425
Died 3/29/1897, aged 55.
6) Records of Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland